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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">porozendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Остеопороз и остеопатии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-2680</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2311-0716</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology Research Centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/osteo13216</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">porozendo-13216</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL GUIDELINES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Локомоторные характеристики осевого баланса тела в трехкоординатном пространстве</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Calculated indicator of dynamic axial balance of the body  — its reproducibility and repeatability by variation coefficient</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0117-3451</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долганова</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolganova</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Долганова Тамара Игоревна, д.м.н.</p><p>ResearcherID: B-8897-2018</p><p>Scopus ID: 7801649495</p><p>640021, Курган, ул. М. Ульяновой, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tamara I. Dolganova, MD, PhD</p><p>ResearcherID: B-8897-2018</p><p>Scopus ID: 7801649495</p><p>6 M. Ulyanovoy Str., 640021, Kurgan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rjik532007@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0197-5840</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чехлова</surname><given-names>Л. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chehlova</surname><given-names>L. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чехлова Лада Юрьевна, аспирант</p><p>Курган</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lada Y. Chehlova, PhD student</p><p>Kurgan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Lada.sultanskaya.92@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8708-1303</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долганов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolganov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Долганов Дмитрий Владимирович, к.б.н.</p><p>Курган</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitrii V. Dolganov, PhD of Biological Sciences</p><p>Kurgan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">paradigma-dv@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8261-8581</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черепанов</surname><given-names>И. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherepanov</surname><given-names>I. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Черепанов Иван Дмитриевич, аспирант</p><p>Курган</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan D. Cherepanov, PhD student</p><p>Kurgan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smilyha@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр травматологии и ортопедии им. академика Г.А. Илизарова» Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after Academician G.A. Ilizarov<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>23</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Долганова Т.И., Чехлова Л.Ю., Долганов Д.В., Черепанов И.Д., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Долганова Т.И., Чехлова Л.Ю., Долганов Д.В., Черепанов И.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dolganova T.I., Chehlova L.Y., Dolganov D.V., Cherepanov I.D.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.osteo-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13216">https://www.osteo-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13216</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. Возрастные изменения сопровождаются структурными нарушениями не только в костях скелета, но и проявляются в ослаблении сенсомоторных систем, регулирующих биомеханические функции всей опорно-двигательной системы, в частности позвоночника. И хотя визуально наблюдаемые балансировочные нарушения особенно заметно обнаруживаются в постуральных функциях равновесия и осевого скелета, их количественная инструментальная оценка и диагностика до настоящего времени не отработаны. На сегодняшний день 3D-видеоанализ походки является признанным объективным методом исследования, позволяющим в ортостатике и при ходьбе регистрировать и количественно оценивать основные балансировочные величины осевого скелета.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить балансировочное поведение осевого скелета в локомоторной активности и установить в трехкоординатном пространстве нормативные статистические ориентиры его балансировочных характеристик.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследовании участвовали мужчины (n=10) и женщины (n=9) 18–40 лет, средний возраст 31,1±1,4 года. Кинематические параметры походки регистрировались оптическими камерами Qualisys 7+ (8 камер) с технологией видеозахвата пассивных маркеров. Специально созданной программой определялись значения динамического осевого баланса по амплитуде колебания проекции расчетных точек от центра C7 и S2 позвонков на опорную плоскость в сагиттальной (GA-SVA) и фронтальной (GA-CVA) плоскостях и диапазон угла проекции линий плеча и таза в горизонтальной (GA-APA) плоскости.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Проанализированная в исследовании стохастика осевого баланса тела приближалась к функции нормального распределения с наименьшим уровнем вариации в горизонтальной плоскости. Диапазоны коэффициентов вариации осевого баланса тела при обычной ходьбе и ходьбе на носках составили: в горизонтальной плоскости (АРА) — 7,5–10,0%; в сагиттальной плоскости SVA — 12,4–18,6%; во фронтальной плоскости CVA — 12,6–16,9%.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Представлена статистика реперных значений динамического осевого баланса тела в возрастной группе 18–40 лет при обычной ходьбе и при функциональной пробе «ходьба на носках». В локомоторной стохастической иерархии биомеханических функций осевого скелета ведущим диагностическим ориентиром в оценках двигательной патологии следует рассматривать нормированные величины трехкоординатного параметра осевого баланса (ПОБ), поскольку распределение его величин отличается постоянством и может соответствовать правилу сигмальных отклонений.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background: Justification. Age-related changes are accompanied by structural disorders not only in the bones of the skeleton, but also in the weakening of sensorimotor systems that regulate the biomechanical functions of the entire musculoskeletal system and in particular the spine. Although visually, the observed balancing disorders are particularly noticeable in the postural functions of balance and the axial skeleton, their quantitative instrumental assessment and diagnosis have not yet been worked out. To date, 3D video gait analysis is a recognized objective research method that allows orthostatics and walking to record and quantify the basic balancing values of the axial skeleton.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: To study the balancing behavior of the axial skeleton in locomotor activity and establish normative statistical guidelines for its balancing characteristics in a three-coordinate space.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods: The study involved men (n=10) and women (n=9) aged 18–40, with an average age of 31.1±1.4 years. Qualisys 7+ optical cameras (8 cameras) with passive marker video capture technology recorded kinematic gait parameters. A specially created program determined the values of dynamic axial balance by the amplitude of the projection of the calculated points from the center of the C7 and S2 vertebrae to the reference plane in the sagittal (GA-SVA) and frontal (GA-CVA) planes and the angle range of the projection of the shoulder and pelvis lines in the horizontal (GA-APA) plane.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: The stochastic dynamics of the axial balance of the body analyzed in the study approached the normal distribution function with the lowest level of variation in the horizontal plane. The ranges of coefficients of variation of the axial balance of the body during normal walking "on tiptoes" were: in the horizontal plane (APA) — 7.5%–10.0%; in the sagittal plane SVA — 12.4%–18.6%; in the frontal plane CVA — 12.6%–16.9%.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: The statistics of reference values of the dynamic axial balance of the body in the age group of 18–40 years with normal walking and with the functional test "walking on toes" are presented. In the locomotor stochastic hierarchy of biomechanical functions of the axial skeleton, the normalized values of the three-coordinate parameter of axial balance (PAB), should be considered the leading diagnostic guideline in assessing motor pathology, since the distribution of its values is constant and may correspond to the rule of sigma deviations.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>видеоанализ походки</kwd><kwd>локомоторная активность</kwd><kwd>баланс осевого скелета</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gait analysis</kwd><kwd>locomotor activity</kwd><kwd>axial skeleton balance</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Результаты были получены с использованием ресурсов ФГБУ НМИЦ ТО им. академика Г.А. 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