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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">porozendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Остеопороз и остеопатии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-2680</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2311-0716</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology Research Centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/osteo13220</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">porozendo-13220</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Остеопенический синдром при сахарном диабете 1 типа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Osteopenic syndrome in type 1 diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5811-0024</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Атанесян</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Atanesyan</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Атанесян Роза Артуровна, к.м.н., доцент</p><p>355017, Ставрополь, улица Мира, д. 310</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roza A. Atanesyan, PhD of Medical Sciences</p><p>310 Mira street, 355017 Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rozaatanesyan@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5745-6059</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Амбарцумян</surname><given-names>Г. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ambartsumyan</surname><given-names>G. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Амбарцумян Гретта Нверовна</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gretta N. Ambartsumyan</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ambartsumyan447@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7248-1614</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Климов</surname><given-names>Л. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klimov</surname><given-names>L. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Климов Леонид Яковлевич, д.м.н., профессор</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leonid Y. Klimov, MD, Professor, Head of the department of faculty pediatrics</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">klimov_leo@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2056-153X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долбня</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolbnya</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Долбня Светлана Викторовна, к.м.н., доцент</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana V. Dolbnya, MD, PhD</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svet-lana.dolbnya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0489-254X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Санеева</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saneeva</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санеева Галина Александровна, к.м.н., доцент</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina A. Saneeva, PhD of Medical Sciences, Docent</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sun-stav@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Stavropol State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>32</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Атанесян Р.А., Амбарцумян Г.Н., Климов Л.Я., Долбня С.В., Санеева Г.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Атанесян Р.А., Амбарцумян Г.Н., Климов Л.Я., Долбня С.В., Санеева Г.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Atanesyan R.A., Ambartsumyan G.N., Klimov L.Y., Dolbnya S.V., Saneeva G.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.osteo-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13220">https://www.osteo-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/13220</self-uri><abstract><p>Сахарный диабет 1 типа (СД1) — хроническое метаболическое заболевание, в настоящее время сохраняющее актуальность и высокую медико-социальную значимость, что связано не только с его широкой распространенностью, но и высоким риском развития осложнений. Остеопения и остеопороз относятся к системным заболеваниям скелета, характеризующимся снижением минеральной плотности костной ткани, что обусловливает высокий риск возникновения переломов даже при незначительной травматизации. Остеопатии являются частым проявлением патологии эндокринных органов, в том числе СД1.</p><p>В статье рассмотрены основные механизмы развития остеопенического синдрома при СД1. Анализ отечественных и зарубежных источников литературы показал, что значимую роль в формировании патологии костной ткани при диабете 1 типа играют иммунные факторы, нарушения фосфорно-кальциевого обмена в результате хронической гипергликемии, накопления конечных продуктов гликолиза, снижения уровня инсулина, амилина и дефицита 25(ОН)D. Помимо непосредственного влияния СД на костные клетки и костный матрикс, на риск остеопенического синдрома оказывают влияние диабетические осложнения, возникающие в различных системах организма. Рассмотрение клеточных и молекулярных механизмов формирования остеопенического синдрома, ассоциированного с диабетом, расширяет понимание данной проблемы, тем самым, позволяя не только разработать критерии диагностики, но и предложить эффективные методы профилактики и лечения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease that currently retains relevance and high medical and social significance, which is associated not only with its widespread occurrence, but also with a high risk of complications. Osteopenia and osteoporosis are systemic diseases of the skeleton, characterized by a decrease in bone mineral density, which leads to a high risk of fractures, even with minor injuries. Osteopathies are a common manifestation of endocrine organ pathology, including type 1 diabetes.</p><p>The article discusses the main mechanisms of the development of osteopenic syndrome in DM1. An analysis of domestic and foreign literature sources has shown that immune factors, impaired phosphorus-calcium metabolism as a result of chronic hyperglycemia, accumulation of glycolysis end products, decreased levels of insulin, amylin, and 25(ОН)D deficiency play a significant role in the formation of bone pathology in type 1 diabetes. In addition to the direct effect of diabetes on bone cells and the bone matrix, the risk of osteopenic syndrome is influenced by diabetic complications that occur in various body systems. Consideration of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the formation of osteopenic syndrome associated with diabetes expands the understanding of this problem, thereby allowing not only to develop diagnostic criteria, but also to propose effective methods of prevention and treatment.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>костная ткань</kwd><kwd>остеопороз</kwd><kwd>конечные продукты гликирования</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>bone tissue</kwd><kwd>osteoporosis</kwd><kwd>advanced glycation end products</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Петеркова В.А., Шестакова М.В., Безлепкина О.Б., Лаптев Д.Н., Кураева Т.Л. 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