porozendoОстеопороз и остеопатииOsteoporosis and Bone Diseases2072-26802311-0716Endocrinology Research Centre10.14341/osteo2010218-22porozendo-4143Research ArticleСтатьиArticlesПатология костной системы при вторичномгиперпаратиреозе у пациентов с терминальнойстадией хронической болезни почек на заместительнойпочечной терапии (гемодиализ) (обзор литературы)Patologiya kostnoy sistemy pri vtorichnomgiperparatireoze u patsientov s terminal'noystadiey khronicheskoy bolezni pochek na zamestitel'noypochechnoy terapii (gemodializ) (obzor literatury)RozhinskayaL. Ya.-EgshatyanL. V.-201015082010132№2 (2010)1822Copyright © Rozhinskaya L.Y., Egshatyan L.V., 20102010Rozhinskaya L.Y., Egshatyan L.V.Rozhinskaya L.Y., Egshatyan L.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.osteo-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/4143ReferencesБорисов А.В., Мордик А.И., Борисова Е.В., Ермакова И.П., Ильина А.Н., Рожинская Л.Я., Шестакова М.В. Паратиреоидная функция и минеральная плотность костной ткани у пациентов с хронической почечной недостаточностью, находящихся на лечении программным гемодиализом. Медицинский научно-практический журнал «Остеопороз и остеопатии» 2004; 1: 6-10.Борисов А.В., Мордик А.И., Борисова Е.В., Ермакова И.П., Ильина А.Н., Рожинская Л.Я., Шестакова М.В. Паратиреоидная функция и минеральная плотность костной ткани у пациентов с хронической почечной недостаточностью, находящихся на лечении программным гемодиализом. Медицинский научно-практический журнал «Остеопороз и остеопатии» 2004; 1: 6-10.Борисов А . В., Мордик А . И ., Борисова Е . В., Ермакова И . П . Диагностика, профилактика и коррекция низкого костного обмена у больных на гемодиализе Нефрология и диализ 2005; 7; №4.Борисов А . В., Мордик А . И ., Борисова Е . В., Ермакова И . П . Диагностика, профилактика и коррекция низкого костного обмена у больных на гемодиализе Нефрология и диализ 2005; 7; №4.Ермоленко В.М.. Из книги Нефрология: Руководство для врачей /Под ред. И.Е. Тареевой. - М.:Ермоленко В.М.. Из книги Нефрология: Руководство для врачей /Под ред. И.Е. Тареевой. - М.:Рожинская Л.Я. Вторичный гиперпаратиреоз и почечные остеопатии при хронической почечной недостаточности. Нефрология и диализ 2000; 2; 4: 241-247.Рожинская Л.Я. Вторичный гиперпаратиреоз и почечные остеопатии при хронической почечной недостаточности. Нефрология и диализ 2000; 2; 4: 241-247.Albright F, Baird PC, Cope O et al (1934) Studies on the physiology of parathyroid glands. IV. Renal complications of hyperparathyroidism. Am J Med Sci 187:49-65Albright F, Baird PC, Cope O et al (1934) Studies on the physiology of parathyroid glands. IV. Renal complications of hyperparathyroidism. Am J Med Sci 187:49-65Alem AM, Sherrard DJ, Gillen DL et al. Increased risk of hip fracture among patients with end-stage renal disease. Kidney Int 2000; 58: 396-399.Alem AM, Sherrard DJ, Gillen DL et al. Increased risk of hip fracture among patients with end-stage renal disease. Kidney Int 2000; 58: 396-399.Alikhani M, Alikhani Z, Boyd C et al. Advanced glycation end-products stimulate osteoblast apoptosis via the MAP kinase and cytosolic apoptotic pathways. Bone 2007; 40: 345-353Alikhani M, Alikhani Z, Boyd C et al. Advanced glycation end-products stimulate osteoblast apoptosis via the MAP kinase and cytosolic apoptotic pathways. Bone 2007; 40: 345-353Andress DL, Howard G, Birnbaum RS. Identification of a low molecular weight inhibitor of osteoblast mitogenesis in uremic plasma. Kidney Int 1991; 39: 942-945.Andress DL, Howard G, Birnbaum RS. Identification of a low molecular weight inhibitor of osteoblast mitogenesis in uremic plasma. Kidney Int 1991; 39: 942-945.Andress DL, Pandian MR, Endres DB et al. Plasma insulin-like growth factors and bone formation in uremic hyperparathyroidism. Kidney Int 1989; 36: 471-477.Andress DL, Pandian MR, Endres DB et al. Plasma insulin-like growth factors and bone formation in uremic hyperparathyroidism. Kidney Int 1989; 36: 471-477.Andress DL. IGF-binding protein-5 stimulates osteoblast activity and bone accretion in ovariectomized mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2001; 281: E283-E288.Andress DL. IGF-binding protein-5 stimulates osteoblast activity and bone accretion in ovariectomized mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2001; 281: E283-E288.Avram MM, Sreedhara R, Fein P et al. Survival on hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis over 12 years with emphasis on nutritional parameters. Am J Kidney Dis 2001; 37(1 Suppl 2): S77-S80.Avram MM, Sreedhara R, Fein P et al. Survival on hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis over 12 years with emphasis on nutritional parameters. Am J Kidney Dis 2001; 37(1 Suppl 2): S77-S80.Baker, S. L. General softening of bone due to metabolic causes. I. Histopathology of porotic and malacic conditions of bone. Brit. 7. Radial., 1954, 27, 604.Baker, S. L. General softening of bone due to metabolic causes. I. Histopathology of porotic and malacic conditions of bone. Brit. 7. Radial., 1954, 27, 604.Balon B.P., Kavalar R. Brown tumor in association with secondary hyperparathyroidism // Amer. J. Nephrol. 1998. Vol. 18. P. 460-463.Balon B.P., Kavalar R. Brown tumor in association with secondary hyperparathyroidism // Amer. J. Nephrol. 1998. Vol. 18. P. 460-463.Barreto F. C., Barreto D.V., Moyses R.M. et al.Kidney Intern. 2006. Vol. 69 (10). P. 1852-1857.Barreto F. C., Barreto D.V., Moyses R.M. et al.Kidney Intern. 2006. Vol. 69 (10). P. 1852-1857.Block GA, Hulbert-Shearon TE, Levin NW, Port FK: Association of serum phosphorus and calcium x phosphate product with mortality risk in chronic hemodialysis patients: a national study. Am J Kidney Dis31 : 607-617,1998Block GA, Hulbert-Shearon TE, Levin NW, Port FK: Association of serum phosphorus and calcium x phosphate product with mortality risk in chronic hemodialysis patients: a national study. Am J Kidney Dis31 : 607-617,1998Block GA, Klassen PS, Lazarus JM, Ofsthun N, Lowrie EG, Chertow GM. Mineral metabolism, mortality, and morbidity in maintenance hemodialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol (2004) 15:2208-2218Block GA, Klassen PS, Lazarus JM, Ofsthun N, Lowrie EG, Chertow GM. Mineral metabolism, mortality, and morbidity in maintenance hemodialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol (2004) 15:2208-2218Brown T.W., Genant H.K., Hattner R.S. et al. Multiple brown tumors in a patient with chronic renal failure and secondary hyperparathyroidism // Amer. J. Roentgenol. 1977. Vol. 128. P. 131-134.Brown T.W., Genant H.K., Hattner R.S. et al. Multiple brown tumors in a patient with chronic renal failure and secondary hyperparathyroidism // Amer. J. Roentgenol. 1977. Vol. 128. P. 131-134.Bushinsky DA, Frick KK. The effects of acid on bone. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2000; 9: 369-379.Bushinsky DA, Frick KK. The effects of acid on bone. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2000; 9: 369-379.Cannata JB. Hypokinetic azotemic osteodystrophy. Kidney Int1998; 54: 1000-1016Cannata JB. Hypokinetic azotemic osteodystrophy. Kidney Int1998; 54: 1000-1016Chew F.S., Huang-Hellinger F. Brown tumor // Amer. J. Roentgenol. 1993. Vol. 160. P. 752-753.Chew F.S., Huang-Hellinger F. Brown tumor // Amer. J. Roentgenol. 1993. Vol. 160. P. 752-753.Coen G, Ballanti P, Bonucci E et al. Bone markers in the diagnosis of low turnover osteodystrophy in hemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transpl 1998; 13: 2294-2302.Coen G, Ballanti P, Bonucci E et al. Bone markers in the diagnosis of low turnover osteodystrophy in hemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transpl 1998; 13: 2294-2302.Compston JE, Vedi S, Kaptoge S et al. Bone remodeling rate and remodeling balance are not co-regulated in adulthood: implications for the use of activation frequency as an index of remodeling rate. J Bone Miner Res 2007; 22: 1031-1036.Compston JE, Vedi S, Kaptoge S et al. Bone remodeling rate and remodeling balance are not co-regulated in adulthood: implications for the use of activation frequency as an index of remodeling rate. J Bone Miner Res 2007; 22: 1031-1036.Dember LM, Jaber BL. Dialysis related amyloidosis: late finding or hidden epidemic? Semin Dial 2006; 19: 105-109.Dember LM, Jaber BL. Dialysis related amyloidosis: late finding or hidden epidemic? Semin Dial 2006; 19: 105-109.Fernandez-Martin J, Ferreira A, Floege J, et al. Results from the initial crosssectional analysis of the COSMOS baseline population. (2006) Presented at: ERA-EDTA, 16-18 July; Glasgow, UKFernandez-Martin J, Ferreira A, Floege J, et al. Results from the initial crosssectional analysis of the COSMOS baseline population. (2006) Presented at: ERA-EDTA, 16-18 July; Glasgow, UKFukagawa M, Kazama JJ, Kurokawa K. Renal osteodystrophy and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2002;17(suppl 10):2-5.Fukagawa M, Kazama JJ, Kurokawa K. Renal osteodystrophy and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2002;17(suppl 10):2-5.Fukagawa M., Kazama J.J., Shigematsu T. Skeletal resistance to PTH as a basic abnormality underlying uremic bone diseases // Amer. J. Kidney Dis. 2001. Vol. Suppl. 1. P. 152-155Fukagawa M., Kazama J.J., Shigematsu T. Skeletal resistance to PTH as a basic abnormality underlying uremic bone diseases // Amer. J. Kidney Dis. 2001. Vol. Suppl. 1. P. 152-155Gal-Moscovici A, Popovtzer MM. New worldwide trends in presentation of renal osteodystrophy and its relationship to parathyroid hormone level. Clin Nephrol. 2005;63(4):284-89.Gal-Moscovici A, Popovtzer MM. New worldwide trends in presentation of renal osteodystrophy and its relationship to parathyroid hormone level. Clin Nephrol. 2005;63(4):284-89.Gansevoort RT, van der Heij B, Stegeman CA et al. Trends in the incidence of treated end-stage renal failure in the Netherlands: hope for the future?. Kidney Int 2004; [Suppl 92]: 7-10Gansevoort RT, van der Heij B, Stegeman CA et al. Trends in the incidence of treated end-stage renal failure in the Netherlands: hope for the future?. Kidney Int 2004; [Suppl 92]: 7-10Goodman WG, Goldin J, Kuizon BD, Yoon C, Gales B, Sider D, Wang Y, Chung J, Emerick A, Greaser L, Elashoff RM, Salusky IB: Coronary-artery calcification in young adults with end-stage renal disease who are undergoing dialysis. N Engl J Med 342:1478 -1483, 2000Goodman WG, Goldin J, Kuizon BD, Yoon C, Gales B, Sider D, Wang Y, Chung J, Emerick A, Greaser L, Elashoff RM, Salusky IB: Coronary-artery calcification in young adults with end-stage renal disease who are undergoing dialysis. N Engl J Med 342:1478 -1483, 2000Hamdy NA. The spectrum of renal bone disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1995;(10 suppl 4):14-8; discussion 37-43.Hamdy NA. The spectrum of renal bone disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1995;(10 suppl 4):14-8; discussion 37-43.Han Z-H, Palnitkar S, Rao D et al. Effects of ethnicity and age or menopause on the remodeling and turnover of iliac bone: implications for mechanisms of bone loss. J Bone Miner Res 1997; 12: 498-508.Han Z-H, Palnitkar S, Rao D et al. Effects of ethnicity and age or menopause on the remodeling and turnover of iliac bone: implications for mechanisms of bone loss. J Bone Miner Res 1997; 12: 498-508.Heaf H. Causes and consequences of adynamic bone disease. Nephron 2001; 88: 97−106.Heaf H. Causes and consequences of adynamic bone disease. Nephron 2001; 88: 97−106.Healy KD, Vanhooke JL, Prahl JM et al. Parathyroid hormone decreases renal vitamin D receptor expression in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005; 102: 4724-4728Healy KD, Vanhooke JL, Prahl JM et al. Parathyroid hormone decreases renal vitamin D receptor expression in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005; 102: 4724-4728Hercz G, Pei Y, Greenwood C et al. Aplastic osteodystrophy without aluminum: the role of suppressed parathyroid function. Kidney Int 1993; 44: 860-866. 35. Hernandez JD, Wesseling K, Salusky IB: Role of parathyroid hormone and therapy with active vitamin D sterols in renal osteodystrophy. Sem Dialysis 18:290 -295, 2005Hercz G, Pei Y, Greenwood C et al. Aplastic osteodystrophy without aluminum: the role of suppressed parathyroid function. Kidney Int 1993; 44: 860-866. 35. Hernandez JD, Wesseling K, Salusky IB: Role of parathyroid hormone and therapy with active vitamin D sterols in renal osteodystrophy. Sem Dialysis 18:290 -295, 2005Hodsman A.B. // Perit. Dial. Intern. - 2001. - Vol. 21, suppl. 3. - S. 247-255. 37. Hruska, K, Teitelbaum SL. Renal osteodystrophy. N Engl J Med. 1995; 333(3):166-74.Hodsman A.B. // Perit. Dial. Intern. - 2001. - Vol. 21, suppl. 3. - S. 247-255. 37. Hruska, K, Teitelbaum SL. Renal osteodystrophy. N Engl J Med. 1995; 333(3):166-74.Jamal S.A., Hayden J.A., Beyene J. Low bone mineral density and fractures in long-term hemodialysis patients: a meta-analysis // Amer. J. Kidney. Dis. 2007. Vol. 49. P. 674-681.Jamal S.A., Hayden J.A., Beyene J. Low bone mineral density and fractures in long-term hemodialysis patients: a meta-analysis // Amer. J. Kidney. Dis. 2007. Vol. 49. P. 674-681.Jehle PM, Ostertag A, Schulten K et al. Insulin-like growth factor system components in hyperparathyroidism and renal osteodystrophy. Kidney Int 2000; 57: 423-436.Jehle PM, Ostertag A, Schulten K et al. Insulin-like growth factor system components in hyperparathyroidism and renal osteodystrophy. Kidney Int 2000; 57: 423-436.Kaneki H, Guo R, Chen D et al. Tumor necrosis factor promotes Runx 2 degradation through up-regulation of Smurf1 and Smurf2 in osteoblasts. J Biol Chem 2006; 281: 4326-4333.Kaneki H, Guo R, Chen D et al. Tumor necrosis factor promotes Runx 2 degradation through up-regulation of Smurf1 and Smurf2 in osteoblasts. J Biol Chem 2006; 281: 4326-4333.Kestenbaum B., Belozeroff V. Mineral metabolism disturbances in patients with chronic kidney disease. // Eur. J. Clin. Invest. - 2007. - Vol. 37, N 8. - P. 607-622.Kestenbaum B., Belozeroff V. Mineral metabolism disturbances in patients with chronic kidney disease. // Eur. J. Clin. Invest. - 2007. - Vol. 37, N 8. - P. 607-622.Kurz P, Monier-Faugere MC, Bognar B et al. Evidence for abnormal calcium homeostasis in patients with adynamic bone disease. Kidney Int 1994; 46: 855-861.Kurz P, Monier-Faugere MC, Bognar B et al. Evidence for abnormal calcium homeostasis in patients with adynamic bone disease. Kidney Int 1994; 46: 855-861.Lacativa P.G., de Mendonca L.M., de Mattos Patricio Filho P.J. et al. // J. Clin. Densitom. - 2005. - Vol. 8 (3). - P. 352-61.Lacativa P.G., de Mendonca L.M., de Mattos Patricio Filho P.J. et al. // J. Clin. Densitom. - 2005. - Vol. 8 (3). - P. 352-61.Levin A, Bakris GL, Molitch M, et al. Prevalence of abnormal serum vitamin D, PTH, calcium, and phosphorus in patients with chronic kidney disease: results of the study to evaluate early kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2007;71:31-38Levin A, Bakris GL, Molitch M, et al. Prevalence of abnormal serum vitamin D, PTH, calcium, and phosphorus in patients with chronic kidney disease: results of the study to evaluate early kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2007;71:31-38London GM, Marty C, Marchais SJ et al. Arterial calcifications and bone histomorphometry in end-stage renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004; 15: 1943-1951.London GM, Marty C, Marchais SJ et al. Arterial calcifications and bone histomorphometry in end-stage renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004; 15: 1943-1951.Looser, E. Uber pathologische von Infraktionen und Callusbildungen bei Rachits und Osteomalcie und Knochenerkrankungen E. Looser Zbl. Chir. - 1920. - Bd.47. -S. 1470-1474Looser, E. Uber pathologische von Infraktionen und Callusbildungen bei Rachits und Osteomalcie und Knochenerkrankungen E. Looser Zbl. Chir. - 1920. - Bd.47. -S. 1470-1474Malluche H, Monier-Faugere MC. Risk of adynamic bone disease in dialyzed patients. Kidney Int Suppl 1992; 38: S62-S67Malluche H, Monier-Faugere MC. Risk of adynamic bone disease in dialyzed patients. Kidney Int Suppl 1992; 38: S62-S67Malluche H.H., Langub M.C., Monier-Faugere M.C. The role of biopsy in clinical practice and research // Kid ney Int. 1999. Vol. 56. Suppl. 73. P. 282-292Malluche H.H., Langub M.C., Monier-Faugere M.C. The role of biopsy in clinical practice and research // Kid ney Int. 1999. Vol. 56. Suppl. 73. P. 282-292Malluche HH, Faugere M-C. Atlas of Mineralized Bone Histology. Basel, Switzerland: Karger; 1986.Malluche HH, Faugere M-C. Atlas of Mineralized Bone Histology. Basel, Switzerland: Karger; 1986.Martin KJ, Gonzalez EA. Strategies to minimize bone disease in renal failure. Am J Kidney Dis. 2001;38(6):1430-36Martin KJ, Gonzalez EA. Strategies to minimize bone disease in renal failure. Am J Kidney Dis. 2001;38(6):1430-36Martola L., Barany P., Stenvinkel P. Why do dialysis patients develop a heart of stone and bone of china? Blood Purif 2005;23(3):203-10Martola L., Barany P., Stenvinkel P. Why do dialysis patients develop a heart of stone and bone of china? Blood Purif 2005;23(3):203-10Massry SG, Stein R, Garty J, Arieff AI, Coburn JW, Norman AW, Friedler RM: Skeletal resistance to the calcemic action of parathyroid hormone in uremia: Role of 1,25 (OH)2 D3. Kidney Int 9: 467-474, 1976Massry SG, Stein R, Garty J, Arieff AI, Coburn JW, Norman AW, Friedler RM: Skeletal resistance to the calcemic action of parathyroid hormone in uremia: Role of 1,25 (OH)2 D3. Kidney Int 9: 467-474, 1976Man N.-K, Zingraff J., P. Jungers. Long-term hemodialysis. Kluwer Academic Publishers 1995. p.128Man N.-K, Zingraff J., P. Jungers. Long-term hemodialysis. Kluwer Academic Publishers 1995. p.128Michael Weller, Jack Edeiken and Philip J. Hodes RENAL OSTEODYSTROPHY. AJR CME. 104 (2): 354. (1968)Michael Weller, Jack Edeiken and Philip J. Hodes RENAL OSTEODYSTROPHY. AJR CME. 104 (2): 354. (1968)Milkman, L.A. Multiple apontaneous idiopathic symmetrical fractures/ Milkman, L.A.// Av.J. Roentgenol - 1934.-Vol. 32, N 6. - p. 622-634Milkman, L.A. Multiple apontaneous idiopathic symmetrical fractures/ Milkman, L.A.// Av.J. Roentgenol - 1934.-Vol. 32, N 6. - p. 622-634Miller P.D. // Curr. Osteoporos. Rep. - 2005. - Vol. 3 (1). - P. 5-12.Miller P.D. // Curr. Osteoporos. Rep. - 2005. - Vol. 3 (1). - P. 5-12.Moe S., Drueke T., Cunningham J. et al. // Kidney Intern. - 2006. - Vol. 69. - P. 1945-1953.Moe S., Drueke T., Cunningham J. et al. // Kidney Intern. - 2006. - Vol. 69. - P. 1945-1953.Morii H, Inoue T, Nishijima T, et al. Management of calcium and bone abnormalities in hemodialysis patients. Semin Nephrol. 2004;24(5):446-48.Morii H, Inoue T, Nishijima T, et al. Management of calcium and bone abnormalities in hemodialysis patients. Semin Nephrol. 2004;24(5):446-48.Nagpal S, Na S, Rathnacalam R. Noncalcemic actions of vitamin D receptor ligands. Endocr Rev 2005; 26: 662-687.Nagpal S, Na S, Rathnacalam R. Noncalcemic actions of vitamin D receptor ligands. Endocr Rev 2005; 26: 662-687.Oh J, Wunsch R, Turzer M, et al. Advanced coronary and carotid arteriopathy in young adults with childhood-onset chronic renal failure. Circulation. 2002;106(1):100-05Oh J, Wunsch R, Turzer M, et al. Advanced coronary and carotid arteriopathy in young adults with childhood-onset chronic renal failure. Circulation. 2002;106(1):100-05Ott SM, Maloney NA, Coburn JW et al. The prevalence of bone aluminum deposition in renal osteodystrophy and its relation to the response to calcitriol therapy. N Engl J Med 1982; 307: 709-713Ott SM, Maloney NA, Coburn JW et al. The prevalence of bone aluminum deposition in renal osteodystrophy and its relation to the response to calcitriol therapy. N Engl J Med 1982; 307: 709-713Picton ML, Moore PR, Mawer EB, Houghton D, Freemont AJ, Hutchison AJ, Gokal R, Hoyland JA: Down-regulation of human osteoblast PTH/PTHrP receptor mRNA in end stage renal failure. Kidney Int 58: 1440-1449, 2000Picton ML, Moore PR, Mawer EB, Houghton D, Freemont AJ, Hutchison AJ, Gokal R, Hoyland JA: Down-regulation of human osteoblast PTH/PTHrP receptor mRNA in end stage renal failure. Kidney Int 58: 1440-1449, 2000Rehman MTA, Hoyland JA, Denton J et al. Age related histomorphometric changes in bone in normal British men and women. J Clin Pathol 1994; 47: 529-534.Rehman MTA, Hoyland JA, Denton J et al. Age related histomorphometric changes in bone in normal British men and women. J Clin Pathol 1994; 47: 529-534.Riggs BL, Khosla S, Melton LJ. Sex steroids and the construction and conservation of the adult skeleton. Endocr Rev 2002; 23: 279-302Riggs BL, Khosla S, Melton LJ. Sex steroids and the construction and conservation of the adult skeleton. Endocr Rev 2002; 23: 279-302Rodriguez-Garcia M, Naves M, Cannata-Andнa J. Bone metabolism, vascular calcifications and mortality: associations beyond mere coincidence. J Nephrol (2005) 18:458-463.Rodriguez-Garcia M, Naves M, Cannata-Andнa J. Bone metabolism, vascular calcifications and mortality: associations beyond mere coincidence. J Nephrol (2005) 18:458-463.Salusky IB, Goodman WG, Kuizon BD et al. Similar predictive value of bone turnover using first and second generation immunometric PTH assays in pediatric patients treated with peritoneal dialysis. Kidney Int 2003; 63: 1801-1808Salusky IB, Goodman WG, Kuizon BD et al. Similar predictive value of bone turnover using first and second generation immunometric PTH assays in pediatric patients treated with peritoneal dialysis. Kidney Int 2003; 63: 1801-1808Sargent M.A., Fleming S.J., Chattopadhyay C. et al. Bone cysts and haemodialysisrelated amyloidosis // Clin. Radiol. 1989. Vol. 40. P. 277-281.Sargent M.A., Fleming S.J., Chattopadhyay C. et al. Bone cysts and haemodialysisrelated amyloidosis // Clin. Radiol. 1989. Vol. 40. P. 277-281.Sherrard DJ, Hercz G & Pei Y. et al The spectrum of bone disease in end stage renal failure: an evolving disorder. Kidney Int 1993; 43: 436−442.Sherrard DJ, Hercz G & Pei Y. et al The spectrum of bone disease in end stage renal failure: an evolving disorder. Kidney Int 1993; 43: 436−442.Somerville PJ, Kaye M: Evidence that resistance to the calcemic action of parathyroid hormone in rats with acute uremia is caused by phosphate retention. Kidney Int 16: 552-560, 1979Somerville PJ, Kaye M: Evidence that resistance to the calcemic action of parathyroid hormone in rats with acute uremia is caused by phosphate retention. Kidney Int 16: 552-560, 1979Spasovski GB, Bervoets AR, Behets GJ, et al. Spectrum of renal bone disease in end-stage renal failure patients not yet on dialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2003;18(6):1159-66.Spasovski GB, Bervoets AR, Behets GJ, et al. Spectrum of renal bone disease in end-stage renal failure patients not yet on dialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2003;18(6):1159-66.Spiegelman B, Flier J. Adipogenesis and obesity: rounding out the big picture. Cell 1996; 87: 309-319Spiegelman B, Flier J. Adipogenesis and obesity: rounding out the big picture. Cell 1996; 87: 309-319Stehman-Breen C, Sherrard D, Alem A et al. Risk factors for hip fracture among patients with end-stage renal disease. Kidney Int 2000; 58: 2200-2205Stehman-Breen C, Sherrard D, Alem A et al. Risk factors for hip fracture among patients with end-stage renal disease. Kidney Int 2000; 58: 2200-2205Steinbach, H. L., and Noetzli, M. Roentgen appearance of skeleton in osteomalacia and rickets. AM. J. Roentgenol., rad. therapy & nuclear med., 1964, 91, 955-972Steinbach, H. L., and Noetzli, M. Roentgen appearance of skeleton in osteomalacia and rickets. AM. J. Roentgenol., rad. therapy & nuclear med., 1964, 91, 955-972Syed Z., Khan A. Skeletal effects of primary hyperparathyroidism // Endocrin. Pract. 2000. Vol. 6.P. 385-388Syed Z., Khan A. Skeletal effects of primary hyperparathyroidism // Endocrin. Pract. 2000. Vol. 6.P. 385-388Torres A, Lorenzo V & Hernandez D. et al Bone disease in predialysis, hemodiálisis and CAPD patients: Evidence of a better bone response to PTH. Kidney Int 1995; 47: 1434−1442.Torres A, Lorenzo V & Hernandez D. et al Bone disease in predialysis, hemodiálisis and CAPD patients: Evidence of a better bone response to PTH. Kidney Int 1995; 47: 1434−1442.Ureña P., Bernard-Poenaru O., Ostertag A., Baudoin C. , Cohen-Solal M., Cantor T. and de Vernejoul M C. Bone mineral density, biochemical markers and skeletal fractures in haemodialysis patients. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, Volume18, Issue11, p. 2325-2331. 2003.Ureña P., Bernard-Poenaru O., Ostertag A., Baudoin C. , Cohen-Solal M., Cantor T. and de Vernejoul M C. Bone mineral density, biochemical markers and skeletal fractures in haemodialysis patients. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, Volume18, Issue11, p. 2325-2331. 2003.Van Driel M, Koedam M, Buurman CJ et al. Evidence that both 1alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and 24-hydroxylated D3 enhance human osteoblast differentiation and mineralization. J Cell Biochem 2006; 99: 922-935.Van Driel M, Koedam M, Buurman CJ et al. Evidence that both 1alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and 24-hydroxylated D3 enhance human osteoblast differentiation and mineralization. J Cell Biochem 2006; 99: 922-935.Vardhan B.G., Saraswathy K., Koteeswaran D. Primary hyperparathyroidism presenting as multiple giant cell lesions // Quintess. Int. 2007. Vol. 38. P. 342-347.Vardhan B.G., Saraswathy K., Koteeswaran D. Primary hyperparathyroidism presenting as multiple giant cell lesions // Quintess. Int. 2007. Vol. 38. P. 342-347.Vedi S, Perdie DW, Ballard P et al. Bone remodeling and structure in postmenopausal women treated with long-term high dose estrogen therapy. Osteoporosis Int 1999; 10: 52-58.Vedi S, Perdie DW, Ballard P et al. Bone remodeling and structure in postmenopausal women treated with long-term high dose estrogen therapy. Osteoporosis Int 1999; 10: 52-58.Venken K, De Gendt K, Boonen S et al. Relative impact of estrogen and androgen receptor activation in the effects of androgens on trabecular and cortical bone in growing male mice: a study in the androgen receptor knockout mouse model. J Bone Miner Res 2006; 21: 576-585Venken K, De Gendt K, Boonen S et al. Relative impact of estrogen and androgen receptor activation in the effects of androgens on trabecular and cortical bone in growing male mice: a study in the androgen receptor knockout mouse model. J Bone Miner Res 2006; 21: 576-585Vita M.V., Rasenas L.L., Bansal M. et al.Medicine (Baltimore). 1992. Vol. 71 (5).P. 284-290.Vita M.V., Rasenas L.L., Bansal M. et al.Medicine (Baltimore). 1992. Vol. 71 (5).P. 284-290.Xue JL, Ma JZ, Louis TA, Collins AJ. United States Renal Data System: USRDS United States Renal Data System: USRDS Forecast of the Number of Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease in the United States to the Year 2010, 2001 Dec;12(12):2753-8,Xue JL, Ma JZ, Louis TA, Collins AJ. United States Renal Data System: USRDS United States Renal Data System: USRDS Forecast of the Number of Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease in the United States to the Year 2010, 2001 Dec;12(12):2753-8,Yamamoto S, Gejyo F. Historical background and clinical treatment of dialysisrelated amyloidosis. Biochim Biophys Acta 2005; 1753: 4-10.Yamamoto S, Gejyo F. Historical background and clinical treatment of dialysisrelated amyloidosis. Biochim Biophys Acta 2005; 1753: 4-10.Yang H, Curinga G, Giachelli CM. Elevated extracellular calcium levels induce smooth muscle cell matrix mineralization in vitro. Kidney Int (2004) 66:2293-2299Yang H, Curinga G, Giachelli CM. Elevated extracellular calcium levels induce smooth muscle cell matrix mineralization in vitro. Kidney Int (2004) 66:2293-2299Young E, Satayathum S, Pisoni R, et al. Prevalence of values on mineral metabolism being outside the target from the proposed new draft NKFK/DOQI and European best practice guidelines in countries of the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Survey (DOPPS). Nephrol Dial Transplant.2003; 18 (suppl 4) : 677.Young E, Satayathum S, Pisoni R, et al. Prevalence of values on mineral metabolism being outside the target from the proposed new draft NKFK/DOQI and European best practice guidelines in countries of the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Survey (DOPPS). Nephrol Dial Transplant.2003; 18 (suppl 4) : 677.
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.