Effect of complex therapy of medulloblastoma in childhood and adolescence on bone mineral density

Medulloblastoma is the most common childhood malignant tumor of the posterior cranial fossa. A comprehensive treatment approach, including surgery, polychemotherapy and radiation therapy, inevitably leads to the development of various long-term consequences from the endocrine system, including a negative impact on bone tissue. Reduced linear growth rate, low adult height and low peak bone mass are well-known long-term effects of treatment. Based on data from Russian and foreign researchers, as well as our own experience, this review presents the endocrine consequences of treatment of malignant tumors of the central nervous system in childhood and adolescence, and summarizes the risk factors for various endocrine system disorders, including a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD). The review pays special attention to the assessment of BMD in a group of patients who have had cancer in childhood and adolescence and have undergone complex treatment, as well as the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in children.

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