Central diabetes insipidus is a rare pituitary disease due to impairment of synthesis or/and secretion of vasopressin (AVP), characterized by polyuria, polydipsia, low urine osmolality and hyperosmolality of plasma. Main therapy for CDI is substitutive therapy with desmopressin. Lately, it has been shown that AVP stimulates bone formation through the induction of PG synthesis in mesangial cells, contributing to prevent osteoporosis. Pivonello et al. (1998) found that patients with CDI even on nasal desmopessin therapy had a significant impairment in BMD and serum osteocalcin.
The aim of this study was to assess the biochemical parameters of bone metabolism and the bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with idiopathic variant of CDI, treated with oral desmopressin.
In 24 patients with idiopathic CDI, treated with oral desmopressin and 24 healthy controls we evaluated BMD (analyzer Prodigy, Lunar, DXA), serum osteocalcin (OK) and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTx), (ECLIA, Roche Elecsys 1010/2010) as well as calcium total, ionized calcium and alkaline phosphatase (analyzer Hitachi 912, commercial kits Roche). Anterior pituitary dysfunction and concomitant conditions associated with osteoporosis were eliminated on clinical and laboratory basis.
The results showed no significant differences between study groups with the exception for ionized calcium which was higher in the group of CDI (p=0,02).
We were not able to confirm detrimental effects of idiopathic CDI on BMD and biochemical markers of bone metabolism.

Analyses of frequency, rate, main rise mechanisms of hyperparatyroidism and its role in bone losses were estimated in crossmatch research of 158 kidney and 25 heart recipients. Hyperparathyroidism frequency was more following kidney then heart transplantation (74% vs 36%, p=0,000), PTH level being higher in kidney recipients and in women higher then in men with kidney transplant. Hyperparathyroidism in women was associated with hemodialysis duration before operation and the estrogen level which was more in pre- then in postmenopause while PTH level was lesser in pre- then postmenopause. In men PTH level as in heart as in kidney groups was associated with renal function and cumulative prednisolone doses. Hyperparathyroidism in men and women after kidney transplantation followed aхial BMD losses so as in men after kidney and heart transplantation -periferal skeleton (femoral neck) BMD losses.